A glance at its contents will reveal the fact that glasenapp has covered almost all the salient features of jainism. It is considered holy because of all the tirthankaras are believed to obtain nirvana while meditating together on the top of the mountain. Jainism is one of the three indian philosophies, the others being charvaka and buddhism, which do not accept the authority of vedas. Jainism religion britannica encyclopedia britannica. Followers of jainism are called jains, a word derived from the sanskrit word jina victor referring to the path of victory in crossing over lifes stream of rebirths by destroying karma through an ethical and spiritual life. We have certain scriptures which are considered as very sacred. Jainworld is a nonprofit organization dedicated to the preservation of jain tradition of wisdom, compassion, equality, brotherhood, universal wellbeing and spirituality. Religious texts are texts related to a religious tradition. They give money and supplies to the monasteries, allowing the monks and nuns to focus on religious rituals and practices. In principle jain holy places are sacred for all the jains. These texts are collectively known as agams, the sacred books of the jain religion.
Shah jain study center of north carolina raleigh 401 farmstead drive, cary nc 275115631. According to jain tradition however, the religion has existed since time immemorial. Jains do not have a traditional place for god or gods, but do for the omniscient fordmakers. Jainism and buddhism are a part of shramanic religion. Sohan raj tater former vice chancellor, singhania university jhunjhunu raj. Mar 17, 2015 jainism is an indian religion that emphasizes complete nonviolence and asceticism. Jain religion the true nature of a substance is a religion any activities of body, mind and speech which reduces kashay anger, greed. The followers of the religion take five main vows including nonviolence, not lying, not stealing, chastity, and nonattachment. Jainism is a religion and philosophy native to india founded in about the 6th century bc by the sage mahavira. Jainism dont have any specific holy book like the bhagavad geeta,the quran or the bible.
Unlike most common monotheistic religions, jainism does not have one holy book that characterizes their faith. Jain texts such as acaranga sutra and tattvarthasutra state that one must. Christians believe that human suffering is caused by disobedience to gods will as revealed in the law of god found in the bible. It is but natural that people all over the world should show increasing interest in a religion with so universal an appeal. Agams are the jain texts which are based on the discourse. Both the avoidance of nonviolence towards other lifeforms and an active sense of compassion toward them. Jainism is one of the most ancient religions that originated in eastern india and it was founded around the 6th century. History and contemporary information provide evidence of competition and quarrels between the sects over the management of individual sites. The religion does not postulate a leader and its followers worship no deity. Jainism emerged in 6thcentury bce india, the same time buddhism was developing.
He was followed by 23 tirthankars of whom mahavir was the last. Jainism, ajivika, and buddhism arose in the 6th cent. Jaina canon, the sacred texts of jainism, a religion of india, whose. According to jain texts, the 22nd tirthankara neminatha lived about 85,000. There are over 1 billion people follows the religion. Jainism is a religion based on the belief that a path of nonviolence will lead to liberation and happiness. These are divided into two classes anga agamas or the original twelve books and angabahya agamas or the texts outside of the original twelve books. Which religion has no founder, has no sacred books, and follows no body of religious rules.
Jainism is a transtheistic religion, and jains trace their. An introduction, is a thoroughly researched overview of the jain tradition, a religion and set of philosophical constructs that have influenced indian thought for over 2500 years. The jain scriptures are the source books of jain ethics, yoga, religion, philosophy and mythology. But the religious jains will do everything possible to prevent hurting any being. The most important jain teacher theerthankara was mahaveera. World heritage sites ellora caves, archeological survey of india 2011. For example, all three traditions share a notion of karma as the actions of individuals that determine their future births, yet each has attached unique connotations to the concept. Ladoo is offered after praying to mahavira in all jain temples across the world. Jainism traditionally known as jain dharma, is an ancient indian religion. Religious values and ideology in india 1st edition. You surely know that the nineteenth century christianity is not the religion taught by christ. Learn world religion jainism with free interactive flashcards.
Sruti literally means that what is revealed and smriti means that what is remembered. Jainism is an indian religion that emphasizes complete nonviolence and asceticism. The egyptian book of the dead to help the souls passage from this world to. All about hinduism is intended to meet the needs of those who want to be introduced to the various facets of the crystal that is hinduism. Jainism regards every living soul as potentially divine. Since mention of jainism in oldest books of vedic makes clear even before vedas were composed jainism existed as an individual religion. Jaina studies is a relatively new and rapidly expanding field of inquiry for scholars of indian religion and philosophy. Jainism, hinduism, and buddhism share many key concepts derived from the sanskrit language and dialects that have enabled them to hone their religious debates. It is believed that jainism was founded by mahavir but the history of jainism is much older than that of mahavir. The present book is one of the best and stimulating books ever written by scholars on jainism.
Hindus value many sacred writings as opposed to one holy book. Study world religions jainism flashcards at proprofs a small group of vocab that will help you understand the basics of jainism. Therefore, jainism is known as a selfhelp religion. The religion does not depend on gods, but on the self. But christian clergymen are well aware that if they were to attempt to purify christianity and bring it back to the religion of christ, the result would be to. Theantiquity of jainism jaina religion is the oldest religion of india, it began as a spiritual discipline for samanas. Shah jain study center of north carolina raleigh 401 farmstead drive, cary nc 275115631 9194690956 and fax. Choose from 500 different sets of jainism religion flashcards on quizlet. We are not associated with any religion or organization. They differ from literary texts by being a compilation or discussion of beliefs, mythologies, ritual practices, commandments or laws, ethical conduct, spiritual aspirations, and for creating or fostering a religious community.
Jainism, indian religion teaching a path to spiritual purity and enlightenment. Stress is placed on temple worship, scripture, and the master guru and disciple shishya tradition. This page lists some jain festivals and holy days, including the birthday of mahavira and paryushana, which started as a monastic day of reflection. When the soul sheds its karmic bonds completely, it attains divine consciousness. While the majority of pilgrimage places in india are sacred to the followers of hinduism, there are numerous holy sites of other religions such as jainism, buddhism and islam. Sep 11, 2009 this is one of the most important differences between the two groups in jainism, and it means that jain texts have very different roles for the two groups of jains. The texts of the faith and its most important creeds were codified in the 300s ce. Jains see these texts, which are the transcriptions of lord mahavirs sermons, as sacred documents. Sogani, it represents the continuation of indigenous. History of jainism is the history of a religion founded in ancient india. Mar 20, 2017 the book shows how buddhism and jainism share the basic concepts of karma, rebirth, and liberation with hinduism while giving them their own hue, and how they differ from the hindu tradition in their understanding of the role of the vedas, the caste system, and ritualism in religious life. This point is proved by what is said in the following quotes from oldest hindu holy books that jainism existed before vedas were composed. The site is on top of a mountain that is over 2,000 feet high.
Followers of jainism are called jains, and there are about 4 million worldwide. Jainism jainism ritual practices and religious institutions. Drawing on field research in northern gujarat and on the study of both ancient sanskrit and prakrit and modern vernacular jain religious literature, john cort provides a. Sruti belongs to the vedic period while smriti belongs to. Oct 29, 2016 jainism is revered for its commitment to nonviolence and respect for the natural world. Hinduism is the worlds oldest religion, according to many scholars, with roots. The holy teachers are called the jina, and they are the epitome of teaching for all jains, especially the jina mahavira. List of world religions and founders, religious books, place of worship posted by admin on 12 comments the article below explains the list of world religions, details of origin, details about their godmessiahprophet and other interesting facts associated with different religions. In practice, some places are definitely of more importance to svetambaras than to digambaras and vice versa, and these are managed by institutions affiliated to one sect or the other. Religionfacts provides free, objective information on religion, world religions, comparative religion and religious topics.
Jainism is a religion and philosophy native to india founded in. The holy book of jainism is known as the kalpa sutra or sutras. In olden times, monks strictly followed the five great vows of jainism. Almost every school of religious thought and belief has its own central texts to guide its followers. Jainism is an ancient religion that believes that bliss can be achieved if one lives a harmless life.
Along with hinduism and buddhism, jainism is one of the three most ancient indian religious traditions still in existence and an. In fact, the householders are supposed to evolve to the monkhood in the later stages of life as was the case with the hinduism in the vedic era. The religion waxed and waned in competition with jainism and buddhism throughout indian history. Selfcontrol and nonviolence are taught as the means to obtain liberation from the worlds suffering. Hence, sruti is what ancient hindu saints heard during deep meditation. Also, during the course of time many learned acharyas elder monks complied commentaries on the various subjects of the jain religion. Jainism, indian religion teaching a path to spiritual purity and enlightenment through disciplined nonviolence ahimsa, literally noninjury to all living creatures. Learn world religions 2 jainism with free interactive flashcards. Jan 02, 2020 jainism is a religion of extreme legalism, for one attains his own salvation only through the path of asceticism rigid selfdenial.
See major holidays for listings of religious holidays. Jun 20, 2019 jainism is an ancient indian religion that preaches complete nonviolence, peace, and kindness towards all creatures of nature. Antiquity of jainism professor mahavir saran jain lord mahavira is not the founder of jainism. Impermanence of the world asarana bhavna no one provides protection samsara bhavna. Learn jainism religion with free interactive flashcards. The worlds faithful account for 83% of the global population. The current doctrine of jainisms beliefs was set forward more than 2,500 years ago by mahavira, who was not the religions founder but is considered one of its teachers or prophets. The holy book of jainism is a collection of texts known as agam literature or the agam sutras. Jainism is an eastern religion with origins in the indus river valley dating back to 3000 b.
Christians believe that human suffering is caused by disobedience to gods will as revealed in. Choose from 500 different sets of world religions 2 jainism flashcards on quizlet. But christian clergymen are well aware that if they were to attempt to purify christianity and bring it back to the religion of christ, the result would be to reform it out of existence. Jainism is an ancient religion from india that teaches way to liberation by living the lives of harmlessness and renunciation.
Today we will be talking bout jainism, arguably the worlds most peaceful religion. The body of literature known as agamas includes a large number of texts. List of world religions and founders, religious books, place. Worshipers look at its thousands of statues through mirrors in order no to insult the gods and goddesses with a direct gaze. The relative authority of religious texts develops over time and is derived from the ratification. Jainism is a religion of extreme legalism, for one attains his own salvation only through the path of asceticism rigid selfdenial. The saints of jaina religion presented the solutions for various problems of the world. Bc as protests against the overdeveloped ritualism of hinduism, particularly its sacrificial cults, and the authority of the veda. Precise statistics are not available, but it is estimated that there are more than. Hindu scriptures and holy books are divided mainly into two categories viz sruti and smriti. Dundas work in portraying the jains will have lasting value.
The essence of jainism is concern for the welfare of every being in the universe and for the health of universe itself. The faith is named for the jinas, spiritual conquerors who have achieved liberation and perfection. The legendary accounts of mahaviras life preserved by the jain scriptures. The jinas are considered more respectable than the gods. The modern founder of jainism is accepted as mahavira, who existed over 2500 years ago in kundapuranear vaishali presentday bihar. There is no freedom in this religion, only rules, primarily the five great vows, which mandate the renunciation of 1 killing living things, 2 lying, 3 greed, 4 sexual pleasure and 5 worldly attachments. Festivals, pilgrimages, chanting of holy hymns and home worship are dynamic practices. Jainism ritual practices and religious institutions. For those who wish to listen to information on the worlds religions here is a. Nov 17, 2016 religionfacts provides free, objective information on religion, world religions, comparative religion and religious topics. The jains, a small religious group believing in an immortal soul, are indigenous to india, and affirm many of the ideas of their hindu counterparts, but are critical of other hindu doctrines. In jainism, the lay community, while it does not hold any leadership role, is vital to the jain religion.
This is one of the most important differences between the two groups in jainism, and it means that jain texts have very different roles for the two groups of jains. Since gautama buddha, founder of buddhism, belonged to the same region of magadha as mahavira the 24th tirthankar of jainism, and because both were contemporaries, it was assumed erroneously that jainism was contemporary of buddhism or was an off. Hence, the jain religion does not have one sacred book like the bible or koran, but it has many books complied by many followers. Jainism lays heavy emphasis on nonviolence ahimsa and the believers of this religion, whether a monk or a householder, follow a very strict, well disciplined life. Even religious scriptures were considered possessions and therefore knowledge of the religion was never documented. A holy man reading the guru granth sahib, the holy book of sikhism. Hence, there are a total of 24 tirthankars in jainism who make the religion. It is a city so holy that not even priests can sleep there.
Our mission 24l plan makes sure that jainworld extends coverage to 97% of the global population from 187 countries. Jainism also known as jaina dharma is a religion originating in india that emphasizes nonviolence towards all living things and equality among all life. Shvetambara monks are allowed to retain a few possessions such as a robe, an alms bowl, a whisk broom, and a mukhavastrika a piece of cloth held over the mouth to protect against the ingestion of small insects, which are presented by a senior monk at the time of initiation. This book presents a detailed fieldworkbased study of the ancient indian religion of jainism. Jainism is related to an extinct indian religious tradition named ajivika. The word jain is taken from the word jina, which means getting victory over thy self and the peripheral world. Mesopotamian religious beliefs held that human beings were coworkers with the. Jains are very caring over the environment, they wear masks over their faces to prevent inhaling of any small insects and they carry. Hinduism is a mystical religion, leading the truth within, finally reaching the pinnacle of consciousness where man and god are one. Instead they have a collection of holy writings and scriptures. It is believed that jainism was founded by rishabha, the father of king bharata. Jainism is a dharmic religion different from hinduism and buddhism. Jainism religion bhagwan mahavir jain symbol belief.
Religion in the ancient world ancient history encyclopedia. List of books and articles about jainism online research. Find the top 100 most popular items in amazon books best sellers. Jains are strict vegetarians and live in a way that minimises their use of worlds.
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